Differences between soap and detergents :-

Detergent Vs Soap

1. Detergents are made from synthetic ingredients.
   While
   Soaps are made from natural ingredients.



2. Detergents’ solubility is greater than soaps.
   While
   Soaps’ solubility is lower than detergents.



3. Detergents don’t give scum in hard water.
   While
   Soaps give scum in hard water.



4. Detergents can be anionic, cationis, non-ionic or amphoteric.
   While
   Soaps are anionic washing agents.



5. Detergents biodegradability varies widely. Some detergents are not biodegradable. Linear chain detergents are more likely to undergo biodegradability.
   While
   Soaps are biodegradable.



6. Detergents are salts of long chain alkyl sulfonic acids or alkyl amines or alkyl glycol ether.
   While
   Soaps are sodium salts of long chain alkyl carboxylic acids.



7. Hydrophilic parts of detergents are those groups which form soluble salt in hard water.
   While
   Hydrophilic parts of soaps are carboxylic groups which give scum in hard water.



8. Raw materials for detergents:-
   Petroleum products
   While
   Raw materials for soap:-
   Animal or plants fat and Caustic alkali.



9. Examples of detergents compound :-
   Sodium Lauryl Sulphate,
   Sodium Laureth Sulphate,
   Ammonium Lauryl Sulphate,
   Lauryl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride,
   Lauryl Polyglycol Ether
   Cocamidopropyl betaine C19H38N2O3 etc
   
   While
   
   Examples of soap compound :-
   C₁₅H₃₁COONa ( Sodium palmitate salt)
   C₁₆H₃₃COONa (Sodium margarate salt)
   C₁₇H₃₅COONa (Sodium stearate salt)
   C₁₇H₃₅COOK (Potassium stearate) etc.



10. Detergents come in various form like cake, powder, liquid, gel, paste.
    While
    Soaps usually come in the form of solid cake.



11. Applications of detergents:-
    Floor cleaner
    Hand wash
    Shampoo
    Laundry detergent
    Toothpaste
    Germicidal.
    
    While
    
    Applications of soap:-
    Washing clothes soaps
    Toilet soaps for body cleaning



12. Detergents have been used by humans since the 20th century.
    While
    Humans have been using soaps for thousands of years.

---

S.N.	Detergents	Soaps
	Detergents are made from synthetic ingredients.	Soaps are made from natural ingredients.
	Detergents’ solubility is greater than soaps.	Soaps’ solubility is lower than detergents.
	Detergents don’t give scum in hard water.	Soaps give scum in hard water.
	Detergents can be anionic, cationis, non-ionic or amphoteric.	Soaps are anionic washing agents.
	Detergents biodegradability varies widely. Some detergents are not biodegradable. Linear chain detergents are more likely to undergo biodegradability.	Soaps are biodegradable.
	Detergents are alkali salts of long-chain alkyl sulfonic acids or alkyl amines or alkyl glycol ether.	Soaps are alkali salts of long-chain alkyl carboxylic acids.
	Hydrophilic parts of detergents are those groups which form soluble salt in hard water.	Hydrophilic parts of soaps are carboxylic groups which give scum in hard water.
	Raw materials:- Petroleum products	Raw materials:- Animal or plants fat and Caustic alkali.
	Examples of detergent compounds:- Sodium Lauryl Sulphate, Sodium Laureth Sulphate, Ammonium Lauryl Sulphate, Lauryl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride, Lauryl Polyglycol Ether Cocamidopropyl betaine C19H38N2O3 etc	Examples of soap compounds:- C₁₅H₃₁COONa ( Sodium palmitate salt) C₁₆H₃₃COONa (Sodium margarate salt) C₁₇H₃₅COONa (Sodium stearate salt) C₁₇H₃₅COOK (Potassium stearate) etc
	Detergents come in various form like cake, powder, liquid, gel, paste	Soaps usually come in the form of solid cake.
	Applications:- Floor cleaner Hand wash Shampoo Laundry detergent Tooth paste Germicidal	Applications:- Washing clothes soaps Toilet soaps for body cleaning
	Detergents have been used by humans since the 20th century.	Humans have been using soaps for thousands of years.